PrecisionAg Dictionary

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Antenna (GNSS)

A device for receiving a global positioning signal, generally mounted on the top of a piece of equipment and wired into a receiver unit.

CORS — Continuously Operating Reference Stations — offers GPS guidance featuring RTK-level accuracy that can be received through cellular networks using cell modems or cell phones.

In 1997, Veris Technologies began producing Soil EC Mapping Systems. Today, more fields are mapped using Veris EC equipment than with any other on-the-go soil mapping technology.

A field boundary defines a given field size and shape, and establishes an area from which data will be collected and georeferenced.

Field mapping is an integrated tool designed for computer aided field data collection.

A geographic information system (GIS) provides the basis for which field data can be captured, stored, analyzed, and managed, and presents data that refers to or is linked to location.GIS programs provide both numerical data, and data expressed as a field map. Multiple data types can be "layered" on top of each other to help illustrate the effect of one field variable or input on another.

In agriculture, georeferencing refers to the correlation of data collected from a farm field to exact points in that field. When all data is georeferenced, the data can be "layered" on top of one another and represented in map form, providing visual evidence of the benefits of specific farm activities -- data that can be maintained and updated year after year.

This term refers to the totality of all satellites available for global positioning worldwide. This include systems originating in the US (GPS and the Wide Area Augmentation System or WAAS), Russia (GLONASS), Europe (Galileo), and developing systems from Japan, India, and China. The term is being used more often today because some receivers are being manufactured to utilize positioning signals from multiple satellite constellations.

Global Positioning System (GPS) is actually the formal name of the United State's global positioning satellite constellation. There are currently 24 active satellites providing global positioning correction under the GPS system. GPS is part of the increasingly available world stock of global positioning satellites now referred to as the global navigation satellite system, or GNSS. These other constellations include: the Wide Area Augmentation System, or WAAS, a free positioning system administered by the Federal Aviation Administration and the US Department of Transportation: GLONASS, a constellation administered by Russia. Systems are rapidly being developed in China, India, and Japan that will increase the number of satellites available for receivers to use, which will lead to continued improvement in signal and accuracy reliability.

Site-specific management of a field, by definition, is the management of areas of a field based on the variability found in these areas of a field. These variations can then be addressed using practices such as variable-rate application to improve the efficiency of inputs, especially fertilizer and lime. To make this process manageable and statistically meaningful, fields are commonly divided into grids, or squares, of like size. These grids serve as the foundation for data collection, beginning with a soil sampling regimen. Within grids, most commonly comprised of 2.5 acres, soil samples are extracted at random and analyzed, then converted into data that can be shown in the form of a color coded map. This data can be used to develop fertilizer prescriptions that integrate with variable rate application rigs.

ISO 11783 is an electronic "language" standard developed specifically for agricultural equipment. When a vehicle is ISO 11783 compatible, it is able to share information about its operation with any other ISO 11783 compatible unit, allowing components to communicate with each other virtually seamlessly and to be moved from one compatible piece of equipment to another without loss of functionality.

Lightbars are the simplest type of electronic user interface for field guidance. Using data from a GPS signal and receiver and an established starting point in the field, the lightbar uses a horizontal light indicator to indicate when the vehicle is in the proper position to start a new pass.

Remote sensing is the technology that allows the collection of data about plants or soils from a distant perspective. Remote sensing can be achieved using a satellite constellation or aircraft that takes an image of the field at a given point in time. Or, a sensor can be mounted to equipment passing over a field. The sensors can be mounted on a vehicle in close proximity to the plant, or to a flying device such as an airplane or helicopter. The data is usually manifest in the form of a field map, which a user can then overlay with other data from the same field. However, these sensors can also be used in conjunction with a specially programmed controller and equipment make on the go application of pesticides and fertilizer in real time. Remote sensing can be used to gather myriad data about plants and soils, including plant vigor/stress.

This term is used to describe the philosophy in farming that each field should be treated as an independent entity. And further, that each field is comprised of variations in soil fertility, characteristics, and elevation. Through site-specific management techniques and technology, fields can be managed to maximize yield, increase productivity, improve profitability, and make best use of seed, fertilizer, and crop protection products.

As a precision ag practice, variable rate application is defined as any application that employs an electronic controller in order to automatically change the rate of a field input based on a pre-defined application prescription. In fertilizer application, variable rate can be further broken down into single-nutrient and multiple nutrient, depending on the abilities of the equipment being used. Varying the rate of crop protection products is not as popular, but has grown in use, in particular in the Cotton Belt.

When using site specific management techniques designed specifically to address field variability, the yield monitor is really the scorecard by which your program is measured. Yield monitors are devices that measure average in-field corn and soybean grain production in real time during harvest. As the grain is harvested, the yield monitor system uses a sensor plate built into the grain intake which measures the force of grain moving through the system. It then generates a yield number in bushels per acre. When combined with a global positioning system, the yield monitor can record the yield data for future use in a geographic information system.

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PrecisionAg Dictionary

Antenna (GNSS)

A device for receiving a global positioning signal, generally mounted on the top of a piece of equipment and wired into a receiver unit.

CORS � Continuously Oper�ating Reference Stations

CORS — Continuously Operating Reference Stations — offers GPS guidance featuring RTK-level accuracy that can be received through cellular networks using cell modems or cell phones.

Electrical Conductivity (Soil EC)

In 1997, Veris Technologies began producing Soil EC Mapping Systems. Today, more fields are mapped using Veris EC equipment than with any other on-the-go soil mapping technology.

Field Boundary

A field boundary defines a given field size and shape, and establishes an area from which data will be collected and georeferenced.

Field Mapping

Field mapping is an integrated tool designed for computer aided field data collection.

Geographic Information System (GIS)

Georeferencing

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Grid (Sampling and Management)

ISOBUS Standard (ISO 11783)

Lightbar

Lightbars are the simplest type of electronic user interface for field guidance. Using data from a GPS signal and receiver and an established starting point in the field, the lightbar uses a horizontal light indicator to indicate when the vehicle is in the proper position to start a new pass.

Remote Sensing

Site-specific Management

Variable Rate Application

Yield Monitor

PrecisionAg Dictionary

A device for receiving a global positioning signal, generally mounted on the top of a piece of equipment and wired into a receiver unit.

CORS — Continuously Oper­ating Reference Stations — offers GPS guidance featuring RTK-level accuracy that can be received through cellular networks using cell modems or cell phones.

In 1997, Veris Technologies began producing Soil EC Mapping Systems. Today, more fields are mapped using Veris EC equipment than with any other on-the-go soil mapping technology.

A field boundary defines a given field size and shape, and establishes an area from which data will be collected and georeferenced.

Field mapping is an integrated tool designed for computer aided field data collection.

Lightbars are the simplest type of electronic user interface for field guidance. Using data from a GPS signal and receiver and an established starting point in the field, the lightbar uses a horizontal light indicator to indicate when the vehicle is in the proper position to start a new pass.

CORS — Continuously Operating Reference Stations — offers GPS guidance featuring RTK-level accuracy that can be received through cellular networks using cell modems or cell phones.